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The National Book Critics Circle Awards are a set of annual American literary awards by the National Book Critics Circle to promote "the finest books and reviews published in English".〔 ("Thirty-five Years of Quality Writing and Criticism" ), NBCC. Retrieved 2012-02-02.〕 The first NBCC awards were announced and presented January 16, 1976.〔 (''The National Book Critics Circle Journal'' 2:1, Spring 1976 ), NBCC. Retrieved 2012-02-02.〕 There are six awards to books published in the U.S. during the preceding calendar year, in six categories: Fiction, Nonfiction, Poetry, Memoir/Autobiography, Biography, and Criticism. Four of them span the entire NBCC award history; Memoir/Autobiography and Biography were recognized by one "Autobiography/Biography" award for publication years 1983 to 2004, then replaced by two awards. Beginning in 2014, the NBCC also presents a special "first book" award across all 6 categories, named the John Leonard Award in honor of literary critic and NBCC founding member John Leonard, who died in 2008.〔("NBCC to Add John Leonard Award to Honor First Books; Named After Founding Member" ). May 2013. National Book Critics Circle.〕 Books previously published in English are not eligible, such as re-issues and paperback editions. Nor does the NBC Circle consider "cookbooks, self help books (including inspirational literature), reference books, picture books or children's books". They do consider "translations, short story and essay collections, self published books, and any titles that fall under the general categories".〔 ("Frequently Asked Questions" ) (no date), NBCC. Retrieved 2008-03-07.〕 The judges are the volunteer directors of the NBCC who are 24 members serving rotating three-year terms, with eight elected annually by the voting members,〔("Board of Directors" ) (no date), NBCC. Retrieved 2012-02-02.〕 namely "professional book review editors and book reviewers".〔 ("Membership" ) (no date), NBCC. Retrieved 2012-02-02.〕 Winners of the awards are announced each year at the NBCC awards ceremony in conjunction with the yearly membership meeting, which takes place in March. ==Winners== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Book Critics Circle Award」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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